核酸中不同结构(碱基, 核苷, 核苷酸)、不同类型(A,T,G,C)的英文名字容易混淆. 而且不同名字对应的化学结构也没有规律, 所以总结如下:
1. 碱基/Base = ATGC
adenine, guanine, thymine, cytosine, uracil
2. 核苷/Nucleoside = Ribose|Deoxyribose+Base
adenosine, guanosine, thymidine, cytidine, uridine
deoxyadenosine, deoxyguanosine, deoxythymidine, deoxycytidine, deoxyuridine
3. 核苷酸/Nucleotide = Ribose|Deoxyribose+Base+Phosphate
NMP/dNMP, NDP/dNDP, NTP/dNTP;
注意：DNA合成时，用的是dNTP(如同PCR)，同时生成PPi。
4. Relevance in Medicine
Nucleoside: Several nucleoside analogues are used as antiviral or anticancer agents.
